buy custom Establishment of the United States essay

buy custom Establishment of the United States essay The establishment of the United States nation was a multifaceted phenomenon. Many factors including political, social and economic came into play to create the nation and refined it to the great superpower it is at the moment. This paper seeks to interrogate how the different integral factors influenced the establishment of the United States. The essay will attempt to describe how the struggle for social and political equality concurrently shaped and destroyed the fabric of the US establishment. Analysis indicates that the political, social and economic inequalities led to the marginalization of some sections of the members of the society; this lack of unity lengthened and impeded the formation and evolution of the United States of America. Settler Colonialism, Race, Class, and Gender Settler colonialism played a vital role in the establishment and evolution of the United States. Over the course of three centuries, the European settlers colonized the indigenous American ethnic groups and shaped them into manageable territories (Jones, Wood, Borstelmann, May, Ruiz, 2013). The effect was that the settler colonialists introduced the indigenous groups into a system of the rule of law. Settler colonialism provided an important framework that later would prove an invaluable grounding for the establishment of the United States nation. Not only did the settlers introduce the ideals of nationalism in North America but also established practices such as voting as well as democratic and federalist political systems, which to date are the foundation of the United States of America (Norton, Sheriff, Blight, Chudacoff, 2011). The social categories of race, class and gender also were integral in the establishment of the United States. Race, initially divisive, would provide the common platform through which the Patriots would unite to fight the British forces during the Revolutionary War (Greenberg Page, 2014). For instance, the Proclamation by Lord Dunmore that all the slaves of African Americans and of other minorities who would participate in the war in favor of th Britons would earn the freedom led to the influx of the African Americans in the war (Pitkin, 2009). While some of the African Americans would support the Loyalists and Britons, the majority were aligned with the Patriots (Jones et al., 2013).Furthermore, in January 1776, due to the shortage of fighters, George Washington lifted the racial ban on the enlistment of African Americans into the Continental Army (Norton et al., 2011). Race, therefore, provided one of the grounds that united the people of the United States in the common interest o f forming their own, independent nation. Gender also played a crucial role in the establishment of the state. While the men were expected to actively fight the Britons, the women were the ones left at home to do the farming and provide social support for the upwards of eight years that the Revolutionary war raged on from around 1776 to 1883 (Greenberg Page, 2014). However, class proved to be the major divisive factor. The differences in social classes adversely impacted the troop mobilization efforts (Pitkin, 2009). Some classes violently protested against conscription; some evaded it while others overtly deserted their forces in the battlefield. The elite, slave-owning planters were unwilling to leave their properties to fight (Jones et al., 2013). The middle yeomen and the landless, on the other hand, were willing, to a greater extent, to fight for their sovereignty. As such, the assembly drafted policies that balanced the interests of these groups to ensure that there was sufficient conscription. The major policy enacte d was to allow for deferments (Jones et al., 2013). Later on, the imposition of taxes for those not participating in the war and military service substitute were also enforced (Pitkin, 2009). These policies enhanced the unification of the Patriots, led to the defeat of the British forces and thus, the attainment of independence. The Political, Social and Economic Forces The political, social and economic differences that manifested during the struggle for independence would later influence the political participation of different sections of the society. At the formation of the American Republic, most of the people were Republicans (Norton et al., 2011). This political orientation had flowed from the Settler colonialists representative assembly in English America. Consequently, the Whites majority were the ones who had the powers to participate in elections through voting or contesting (Greenberg Page, 2014). The minority groups, just like during the settlers domination, had no political voice. The social forces, however, offered greater impediments. There was gaping gender inequality in exercising voting rights. The women did not have voting rights while their male counterparts generally enjoyed possibility to choose the authorities (Greenberg Page, 2014). Women were presumed too weak to handle the rigors and unfairness of politics. There was also immense racial discrimination as the African Americans and other ethnic minorities were not allowed to vote (Jones et al., 2013). The discrimination greatly limited their political participation space. However, the Whites political space remained unlimited. The economic forces also influenced the voting rights. Only the propertied members of the society were allowed to vote (Norton et al., 2011). The policies reduced the political participation of the landless people or those without properties of substantial values. Empowerment Different groups appropriated various forums and mechanisms to correct the inequalities in democratic participation. It started with the removal of the economic barriers to voting rights in the early 1800s. The male attained suffrage in the 1820s after significant protests (Norton et al., 2011). The Congress amended the law so that all the males were now eligible to vote upon the attainment of 21 years old. Women suffrage would then follow in 1920. The clamor for womens rights during the convention in Seneca Falls in 1848 gave birth to the struggle equal voting rights between men and women (Jones et al., 2013). The women continued to fight for their right to expanded political space for decades through national conventions and lawsuits when they were barred from voting. Buy custom Establishment of the United States essay

Should Prisoners Lodging Be More Spartan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Should Prisoners Lodging Be More Spartan - Essay Example The punishment sought to inflict pain in the body of the guilty. The nineteenth century represented a more civilized and humanitarian response to wrongdoing and penology seeks a humanitarian aspect of 'imprisonment' by reduction of rights rather than infliction of pain. Life in prison is more disciplined and tough to transform the idleness and social irresponsibility of the prisoner into more constructive one. (Sundaram 24) whole idea of incarceration is punishment, not comfort. These critics would argue that conditions of the prisoners should be spartan, if not hard. But, the hard treatment should not be inhumanness and degradingness. Environment such as overcrowded prisons, an inadequate low calorie diet, unsanitary conditions that go unrectified, are inhumane. The person who has committed a crime by breaking law is deprived of some liberty in a prison environment. The lodging conditions should not be so constrained that the prisoners are deprived of the kinds of choices that manifest their human standing and self-respect. They should be having freedom to worship, access to the courts and to express their opinions on various matters. (Victor 225) What kinds of comforts may prisoners expect to have Prisoners lodging should have some basic needs such as disease-free beds, a place to write, sanitary toilet and washing facilities, and access to current information about the world outside should have access to medical care. Should they expect color TVs, video players, and movies of their choice, coffeemakers, libraries, and so on Or should prisoners be deprived of cigarettes, access to the entertainment and news media, have their mail censored, and required to perform hard labor. If we make it worse then we aren't really increasing their punishment much, having to be in jail and all the other problems with being in jail is tough enough. If we cut down on the few luxuries that they have then will be harder to control. Page 3 As rightly quoted by Victor Hassine, from JPP1 - "People who believe prisoners are not being punished point with disdain to a color television set and a ghetto blaster in a prison cell to support their arguments. To them, it appears that physical, emotional, and psychological pain that one can see with the naked eye is the only real form of punishment. Likewise, there are parents who punish their children by physical beatings because they believe anything short of physical pain will not be effective. I suggest the same applies to some guards and their daily treatment of prisoners. If a prisoner is not in obvious pain and anguish, if he is not being made to visibly suffer, punishment is not being properly administered. Still, any person who has suffered long term emotional and psychological abuse would be horrified that anyone would be so lacking in insight and understanding that they would point to

US Military History Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

US Military History - Essay Example Immediately after the end of the Second World War, the Korean War broke at the height of Cold War with the two superpowers playing a significant role in influencing the war. The Soviet Union supported the North communist region as the U.S offered support to the South region that held the idea of capitalism. Although Russia failed to engage in direct combat during the war, it provided support through offering war equipment to the North region and eventually supporting Chinese communist military leading to the end of the war. The U.S involvement, however, occurred through providing support and engagement of U.S military in combat (Stewart, 2005). The primary objective behind the U.S engagement in the Korean War resulted from the fact that the U.S held a need of saving face as well as ensuring that it appeared stronger than communism. Therefore, it is indicative that America never held vital interests on Korea. In supporting the south anti-communists Syngman Rhee that was considered as tyrannical in the same manner as his North counterpart Kim II-Sung, the support offered by the U.S relates from the simple reason of the south region adoption of a non-communist approach. Furthermore, offering support to Rhee a leader that was equally corrupt and tyrannical served the negative policies that the U.S advocated. Again, the culminating factors that led to the involvement of Chinese military in the war served in portraying the weakness of and establishment of the superiority of the communist forces.

What Energy Drinks Do to Your Body Essay Example for Free

What Energy Drinks Do to Your Body Essay Introduction You are feeling tired and unmotivated what do you do? some people such as myself opt to purchase an energy drink(s) (I had a few while writing this speech) As students we sometimes need a little boost to help us study, many of you will opt to purchase energy drinks in this speech i will attempt to inform you on the effects energy drinks have on your body. Body First a little bit of history first ever energy drink was Lipovitan D 1962 invented by japanese company Taisho Used to keep employees awake well into the night First energy drink in US was Jolt Cola. Wasn’t really an energy drink at all, just a hyped up soft drink introduced in the 80’s added a lot of sugar and caffeine Some Ingredients and what they do Caffeine works by blocking the effects of adenosine, a brain chemical involved in sleep. Glucose A from a sugar, is a primary source of energy, energy drinks contain double the recommended daily amount. Ephedrine A stimulant that works on the central nervous system. It is a common ingredient in weight-loss products and decongestants, but there have been concerns about its effects on the heart. Taurine A natural amino acid produced by the body that helps regulate heart beat and muscle contractions. Many health experts arent sure what effect it has as a drink additive. Ginseng A root believed by some to have several medicinal properties, including reducing stress and boosting energy levels. B-vitamins A group of vitamins that can convert sugar to energy and improve muscle tone. Guarana seed A stimulant that comes from a small shrub native to Venezuela and Brazil. Conclusion I hope this speech has helped you better understand the effects energy drinks have on our bodies, health and well being.so the next time you decide to drink an energy drink think about what you are really drinking. Works Cited Watson, Stephanie. How do energy drinks work? 04 October 2006. HowStuffWorks. com. Web. 02 March 2013. Seifert, Sara M. , Etal â€Å"Health Effects of Energy Drinks on Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults† Pediatrics: Official Journal Of The American Academy Of Pediatrics. 3 (2011): 511-528. Web. 14 February 2011. Sifferlin, Alexandra â€Å"What’s in Your Energy Drink? † Time 04 February 2013. TIME. com. Web. 06 February 2013.

west side stadium :: essays research papers

West Side Stadium   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There is a lot of controversy over the plans for a new West Side stadium. The mayor says the stadium is necessary to win the honor of being the Host City for the 2012 Olympics. The stadium will also be home of the Jets. His opinion is that the stadium would do nothing but good for the city despite criticism from people saying the money should be added to the education budget. I believe the stadium should be built.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  One thing that the stadium would do that I feel is important is that if we were to get the Olympics it would give the world something besides 9/11 when they think of New York. That is very important to me because I am tired of every time I’m on a trip some one telling me there sorry when they find out I live in New York. The money the Olympics will bring into the city will also be pretty substantial. It could really help to boost the economy. There will be many wealthy people visiting the city, some for the very first time. Athletes but trainers, hardcore fans, camera crews and reporters from all over the world. Their personal spending alone will probably add up to at least a million dollars. The West Side stadium is a terrific idea for a lot of other reasons as well. The West Side stadium project will create hundreds of jobs bringing down the unemployment rate. Which is especially good in a city that has had an on going problem with its unemployment rate. The West Side Stadium will also put an end to the monopoly that cablevision has over sports entertainment in this city. The same company that funds the ads bad mouthing the mayor and the plans for a West Side Stadium.

Problem solving Essay

Issue 7 â€Å"All nations should help support the development of a global university designed to engage students in the process of solving the world’s most persistent social problems. † I agree that it would serve the interests of all nations to establish a global university for the purpose of solving the world’s most persistent social problems. Nevertheless, such a university poses certain risks which all participating nations must be careful to minimize–or risk defeating the university’s purpose. One compelling argument in favor of a global university has to do with the fact that its faculty and students would bring diverse cultural and educational perspectives to the problems they seek to solve. It seems to me that nations can only benefit from a global university where students learn ways in which other nations address certain soda] problems-successfully or not. It might be tempting to think that an overly diversified academic community would impede communication among students and faculty. However, in my view any such concerns are unwarranted, especially considering the growing awareness of other peoples and cultures which the mass media, and especially the Internet, have created. Moreover, many basic principles used to solve enduring social problems know no national boundaries; thus a useful insight or discovery can come from a researcher or student from any nation. Another compelling argument for a global university involves the increasingly global nature of certain problems. Consider, for instance, the depletion of atmospheric ozone, which has wanned the Earth to the point that it threatens the very survival of the human species. Also, we are now learning that dear-cutting the world’s rainforests can set into motion a chain of animal extinction that threatens the delicate balance upon which all animals–including humans–depend. Also consider that a financial crisis—or a political crisis or natural disaster in one country can spell trouble for foreign companies, many of which are now multinational in that they rely on the labor forces, equipment, and raw materials of other nations. Environmental, economic, and political problems such as these all carry grave social consequences–increased crime, unemployment, insurrection, hunger, and so forth. Solving these problems requires global cooperation–which a global university can facilitate. Notwithstanding the foregoing reasons why a global university would help solve many of our most pressing social problems, the establishment of such a university poses certain problems of its own which must be addressed in order that the university can achieve its objectives. First, participant nations would need to overcome a myriad of administrative and political impediments. All nations would need to agree on which problems demand the university’s attention and resources, which areas of academic research are worthwhile, as well as agreeing on policies and procedures for making, enforcing, and amending these decisions. Query whether a functional global university is politically feasible, given that sovereign nations naturally wish to advance their own agendas. A second problem inherent in establishing a global university involves the risk that certain intellectual and research avenues would become officially sanctioned while others of equal or greater potential value would be discouraged, or perhaps even proscribed. A telling example of the inherent danger of setting and enforcing official research priorities involves the Soviet government’s attempts during the 1920s to not only control the direction and the goals of its scientists’ research but also to distort the outcome of that research—ostensibly for the greatest good of the greatest number of people. Not surprisingly, during this time period no significant scientific advances occurred under the auspices of the Soviet government. The Soviet lesson provides an important caveat to administrators of a global university: Significant progress in solving pressing social problems requires an open mind to all sound ideas, approaches, and theories—respective of the ideologies of their proponents. A final problem with a global university is that the world’s preeminent intellectual talent might be drawn to the sorts of problems to which the university is charged with solving, while parochial social problem go unsolved. While this is not reason enough not to establish a global university, it nevertheless is a concern that university administrators and participant nations must be aware of in allocating resources and intellectual talent. To sum up, given the increasingly global nature or the world’s social problems, and the escalating costs of addressing these problems, a global university makes good sense. And, since all nations would have a common interest in seeing this endeavor succeed, my intuition is that participating nations would be able to overcome whatever procedural and political obstacles that might stand in the way of success. As long as each nation is careful not to neglect its own unique social problems, and as long as the university’s administrators are careful to remain open-minded about the legitimacy and potential value of various avenues of intellectual inquiry and research, a global university might go a long way toward solving many of the world’s pressing social problems.

Research Paper Chocolate †To Eat or Not To Eat

Research Paper: Chocolate – To Eat or Not To Eat? For many years chocolate has been referred to junk and unhealthy food along with other sweets and has been regarded as an indulgence. The recent studies have shed some new light on its health-giving properties and the attitude to it has undergone a sweeping change. So, let us examine this matter and finally decide if chocolate should be included into diet. One of the greatest risks related to chocolate consumption is that it is rich in calories and contains saturated fats. Therefore, people who eat chocolate regularly are prone to gaining weight and increasing their cholesterol levels that greatly contributes to developing heart diseases. What is more, chocolate is one of the products with the highest level of lead. As you can see, the warnings of the scientists against eating large amounts of chocolates are not unfounded. However, the new findings clearly show that one kind of chocolate, namely dark chocolate, has a lot to offer, when it is eaten in small amounts. It is reported to be able to protect our cardiovascular health, as it contains natural anti-oxidants called flavonoids. They help to keep arteries elastic and reduce blood pressure. That boosting of blood flow that flavonoids provide is also good for your skin. Eating moderate amounts of dark chocolate improves your skin thickness, texture and hydration and makes it more resistant to sun damage. All in all, chocolate can affect your health both positively and adversely. Therefore, it is recommended that you